Incidence of cigarette smoking among students of professional technical nursing education
Keywords:
smoker, adolescent smokers, nicotine dependence, tobacco addiction in technical professional nursing educationAbstract
Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, more than eight million people die each year in the world due to cigarette addiction. In Cuba, an estimated 12 000 deaths were attributable to tobacco use in the year 2020, which represented 16 % of the total deaths. Subsequent estimates show that this figure has not decreased and students of professional technical education at the Lidia Doce School of Nursing are not exempt from this reality, which can cause irreparable damage to health and family.
Objective: To identify the risk factors that influence the consumption of cigarettes and the motivation to quit smoking in the students of professional technical nursing education.
Methods: Under the dialectical materialistic conception, a research combining quantitative and qualitative approaches of scientific research was carried out. Theoretical and empirical methods were used (self-administered questionnaire, Fagerström's tolerance test and Richmond's internal motivation test). The universe was constituted by students of the Lidia Doce School of Nursing, and according to inclusion criteria: students aged between 15 and 18 years, recognized smokers and willing to participate in the study; each of them was asked for consent to participate. The sample consisted of 50 students.
Results: Female sex (62 %) and age of 15 years (32 %) were the parameters with the highest incidence of cigarette smoking, according to the sociodemographic questionnaire. Forty-one percent of the students smoked daily and 42 % were slightly dependent.
Conclusions: It is concluded that the main risk factor associated with cigarette addiction and in the motivation to quit in the surveyed students of vocational technical education is social behavior, that is, having friends who smoke. Students with low motivation to quit smoking predominated.
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